COMMANDS FOR COMMAND PROMPT

SOME IMPORTANT & BASIC COMMAND 

Arp

The arp command is used to display or change entries in the ARP cache.

The arp command is available in all versions of Windows.

Assoc

The assoc command is used to display or change the file type associated with a particular file extension.

The assoc command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

At

The at command is used to schedule commands and other programs to run at a specific date and time.

The at command is available in Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Beginning in Windows 8, command line task scheduling should instead be completed with the schtasks command.

Atmadm

The atmadm command is used to display information related to asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) connections on the system.

The atmadm command is available in Windows XP.

Support for ATM was removed beginning in Windows Vista, making the atmadm command unnecessary.

Attrib

The attrib command is used to change the attributes of a single file or a directory.

The attrib command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Auditpol

The auditpol command is used to display or change audit policies.

The auditpol command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Bcdboot

The bcdboot command is used to copy boot files to the system partition and to create a new system BCD store.
The bcdboot command is available in Windows 8 and Windows 7.

Bcdedit

The bcdedit command is used to view or make changes to Boot Configuration Data.
The bcdedit command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.
The bcdedit command replaced the bootcfg command beginning in Windows Vista.

Bdehdcfg

The bdehdcfg command is used to prepare a hard drive for BitLocker Drive Encryption.
The bdehdcfg command is available in Windows 8 and Windows 7.

Bitsadmin

The bitsadmin command is used to create, manage, and monitor download and upload jobs.

The bitsadmin command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

While the bitsadmin command is available in both Windows 8 and Windows 7, it is being phased out. The BITS PowerShell cmdlets should be used instead.

Bootcfg

The bootcfg command is used to build, modify, or view the contents of the boot.ini file, a hidden file that is used to identify in what folder, on which partition, and on which hard drive Windows is located.

The bootcfg command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

The bootcfg command was replaced by the bcdedit command beginning in Windows Vista. Bootcfg is still available in Windows 8, 7, and Vista, but it serves no real value since boot.ini is not used in these operating systems.

Bootsect

The bootsect command is used to configure the master boot code to one compatible with BOOTMGR (Vista and later) or NTLDR (XP and earlier).

The bootsect command is available in Windows 8.

The bootsect command is also available in Windows 7 and Windows Vista but only from the Command Prompt available in System Recovery Options.

Break

The break command sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking on DOS systems.

The break command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

The break command is available in Windows XP and later versions of Windows to provide compatibility with MS-DOS files but it has no effect in Windows itself.

Cacls

The cacls command is used to display or change access control lists of files.

The cacls command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

The cacls command is being phased out in favor of the icacls command, which should be used instead in all versions of Windows after Windows XP.

Call

The call command is used to run a script or batch program from within another script or batch program.

The call command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

The call command has no effect outside of a script or batch file. In other words, running the call command at the Command Prompt or MS-DOS prompt will do nothing.

Cd

The cd command is the shorthand version of the chdir command.

The cd command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Certreq

The certreq command is used to perform various certification authority (CA) certificate functions.

The certreq command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Certutil

The certutil command is used to dump and display certification authority (CA) configuration information in addition to other CA functions.

The certutil command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Change

The change command changes various terminal server settings like install modes, COM port mappings, and logons.

The change command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Chcp

The chcp command displays or configures the active code page number.

The chcp command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Chdir

The chdir command is used to display the drive letter and folder that you are currently in. Chdir can also be used to change the drive and/or directory that you want to work in.

The chdir command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Checknetisolation

The checknetisolation command is used to test apps that require network capabilities.

The checknetisolation command is available in Windows 8.

Chglogon

The chglogon command enables, disables, or drains terminal server session logins.

The chglogon command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Executing the chglogon command is the same as executing change logon.

Chgport

The chgport command can be used to display or change COM port mappings for DOS compatibility.

The chgport command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Executing the chgport command is the same as executing change port.

Chgusr

The chgusr command is used to change the install mode for the terminal server.

The chgusr command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Executing the chgusr command is the same as executing change user.

Chkdsk

The chkdsk command, often referred to as check disk, is used to identify and correct certain hard drive errors.

The chkdsk command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Chkntfs

The chkntfs command is used to configure or display the checking of the disk drive during the Windows boot process.

The chkntfs command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Choice

The choice command is used within a script or batch program to provide a list of choices and return the value of that choice to the program.

The choice command is available in MS-DOS and all versions of Windows except Windows XP.

Use the set command with the /p switch in place of the choice command in batch files and scripts that you plan to use in Windows XP.

Cipher

The cipher command shows or changes the encryption status of files and folders on NTFS partitions.

The cipher command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Clip

The clip command is used to redirect the output from any command to the clipboard in Windows.

The clip command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Cls

The cls command clears the screen of all previously entered commands and other text.

The cls command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Cmd

The cmd command starts a new instance of the cmd.exe command interpreter.

The cmd command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Cmdkey

The cmdkey command is used to show, create, and remove stored user names and passwords.

The cmdkey command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Cmstp

The cmstp command installs or uninstalls a Connection Manager service profile.

The cmstp command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Color

The color command is used to change the colors of the text and background within the Command Prompt window.

The color command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Command

The command command starts a new instance of the command.com command interpreter.

The command command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The command command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

Comp

The comp command is used to compare the contents of two files or sets of files.

The comp command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Compact

The compact command is used to show or change the compression state of files and directories on NTFS partitions.

The compact command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Convert

The convert command is used to convert FAT or FAT32 formatted volumes to the NTFS format.

The convert command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows 

Cls

The cls command clears the screen of all previously entered commands and other text.

The cls command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Cmd

The cmd command starts a new instance of the cmd.exe command interpreter.

The cmd command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Cmdkey

The cmdkey command is used to show, create, and remove stored user names and passwords.

The cmdkey command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Cmstp

The cmstp command installs or uninstalls a Connection Manager service profile.

The cmstp command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Color

The color command is used to change the colors of the text and background within the Command Prompt window.

The color command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Command

The command command starts a new instance of the command.com command interpreter.

The command command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The command command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

Comp

The comp command is used to compare the contents of two files or sets of files.

The comp command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Compact

The compact command is used to show or change the compression state of files and directories on NTFS partitions.

The compact command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Convert

The convert command is used to convert FAT or FAT32 formatted volumes to the NTFS format.

The convert command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows 

Cscript

The cscript command is used to execute scripts via Microsoft Script Host.

The cscript command is available in all versions of Windows.

The cscript command is most popularly used to manage printers from the command line using scripts like prncnfg, prndrvr, prnmngr, and others.

Ctty

The ctty command is used to change the default input and output devices for the system.

The ctty command is available in Windows 98 and 95 as well as in MS-DOS.

The functions provided by the ctty command were no longer necessary beginning in Windows XP because the command.com interpreter (MS-DOS) is no longer the default command line interpreter.

Date

The date command is used to show or change the current date.

The date command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Dblspace

The dblspace command is used to create or configure DoubleSpace compressed drives.

The dblspace command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS.

DriveSpace, executed using the drvspace command, is an updated version of DoubleSpace. Windows natively handles compression beginning in Windows XP.

Debug

The debug command starts Debug, a command line application used to test and edit programs.

The debug command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The debug command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

Defrag

The defrag command is used to defragment a drive you specify. The defrag command is the command line version of Microsoft's Disk Defragmenter.

The defrag command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Del

The del command is used to delete one or more files.

The del command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

The del command is the same as the erase command.

Deltree

The deltree command is used to delete a directory and all the files and subdirectories within it.

The deltree command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS.

Beginning in Windows XP, a folder and its files and subfolders can be removed using the /s function of the rmdir command. Deltree was no longer needed with this new rmdir ability so the command was removed.

Diantz

The diantz command is used to losslessly compress one or more files. The diantz command is sometimes called Cabinet Maker.

The diantz command is available in Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

The diantz command is the same as the makecab command.

Dir

The dir command is used to display a list of files and folders contained inside the folder that you are currently working in. The dir command also displays other important information like the hard drive's serial number, the total number of files listed, their combined size, the total amount of free space left on the drive, and more.

The dir command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Diskcomp

The diskcomp command is used to compare the contents of two floppy disks.

The diskcomp command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Diskcopy

The diskcopy command is used to copy the entire contents of one floppy disk to another.

The diskcopy command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Diskpart

The diskpart command is used to create, manage, and delete hard drive partitions.

The diskpart command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

The diskpart command replaced the fdisk command beginning in Windows XP.

Diskperf

The diskperf command is used to manage disk performance counters remotely.

The diskperf command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Diskraid

The diskraid command starts the DiskRAID tool which is used to manage and configure RAID arrays.

The diskraid command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Dism

The dism command starts the Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool (DISM). The DISM tool is used to manage features in Windows images.

The dism command is available in Windows 8 and Windows 7.

Dispdiag

The dispdiag command is used to output a log of information about the display system.

The dispdiag command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Djoin

The djoin command is used to create a new computer account in a domain.

The djoin command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.

Doskey

The doskey command is used to edit command lines, create macros, and recall previously entered commands.

The doskey command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Dosshell

The dosshell command starts DOS Shell, a graphical file management tool for MS-DOS.

The dosshell command is available in Windows 95 (in MS-DOS mode) and also in MS-DOS version 6.0 and later MS-DOS versions that were upgraded from previous versions that contained the dosshell command.

A graphical file manager, Windows Explorer, became an integrated part of the operating system beginning in Windows 95.

Dosx

The dosx command is used to start DOS Protected Mode Interface (DPMI), a special mode designed to give MS-DOS applications access to more than the normally allowed 640 KB.

The dosx command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The dosx command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

The dosx command and DPMI is only available in Windows to support older MS-DOS programs.

Driverquery

The driverquery command is used to show a list of all installed drivers.

The driverquery command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Drvspace

The drvspace command is used to create or configure DriveSpace compressed drives.

The drvspace command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS.

DriveSpace is an updated version of DoubleSpace, executed using the dblspace command. Windows natively handles compression beginning in Windows XP.

Echo

The echo command is used to show messages, most commonly from within script or batch files. The echo command can also be used to turn the echoing feature on or off.

The echo command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Edit

The edit command starts the MS-DOS Editor tool which is used to create and modify text files.

The edit command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The edit command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

Edlin

The edlin command starts the Edlin tool which is used to create and modify text files from the command line.

The edlin command is available in all 32-bit versions of Windows but is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

In MS-DOS, the edlin command is only available up to MS-DOS 5.0 so unless your later version of MS-DOS was upgraded from 5.0 or prior, you won't see the edlin command.

Emm386

The emm386 command is used to give MS-DOS access to more than 640 KB of memory.

The emm386 command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS.

Windows itself has access to extended and expanded memory beginning in Windows 95.

Endlocal

The endlocal command is used to end the localization of environment changes inside a batch or script file.

The endlocal command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Erase

The erase command is used to delete one or more files.

The erase command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

The erase command is the same as the del command.

Esentutl

The esentutl command is used to manage Extensible Storage Engine databases.

The esentutl command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Eventcreate

The eventcreate command is used to create a custom event in an event log.

The eventcreate command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Eventtriggers

The eventtriggers command is used to configure and display event triggers.

The eventtriggers command is available in Windows XP.

Beginning in Windows Vista, event triggers are created using the Attach Task To This Event feature in Event Viewer, making the eventtriggers command unnecessary.

Exe2Bin

The exe2bin command is used to convert a file of the EXE file type (executable file) to a binary file.

The exe2bin command is available in 32-bit versions of Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The exe2bin command is not available in any 64-bit version of Windows.

Exit

The exit command is used to end the cmd.exe (Windows) or command.com (MS-DOS) session that you're currently working in.

The exit command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Expand

The expand command is used to extract a single file or a group of files from a compressed file.

The expand command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all versions of Windows. The expand command is not available in the 64-bit version of Windows XP.

Extrac32

The extrac32 command is used to extract the files and folders contained in Microsoft Cabinet (CAB) files.

The extrac32 command is available in all versions of Windows.

The extrac32 command is actually a CAB extraction program for use by Internet Explorer but can be used to extract any Microsoft Cabinet file. Use the expand command instead of the extrac32 command if possible.

Extract

The extract command is used to extract the files and folders contained in Microsoft Cabinet (CAB) files.

The extract command is available in Windows 98 and 95.

The extract command was replaced by the expand command beginning in Windows XP.

Fasthelp

The fasthelp command provides more detailed information on any of the other MS-DOS commands.

The fasthelp command is only available in MS-DOS.

The help command replaced the fasthelp command beginning in Windows 95.

Fastopen

The fastopen command is used to add a program's hard drive location to a special list stored in memory, potentially improving the program's launch time by removing the need for MS-DOS to locate the application on the drive.

The fastopen command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The fastopen command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows.

Fastopen is only available in Windows 8, 7, Vista, and XP to support older MS-DOS files.

Fc

The fc command is used to compare two individual or sets of files and then show the differences between them.

The fc command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Fdisk

The fdisk command is used to create, manage, and delete hard drive partitions.

The fdisk command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS.

The fdisk command was replaced by the diskpart command beginning in Windows XP. Partition management is also available from Disk Management in Windows 8, 7, Vista, and XP.

Find

The find command is used to search for a specified text string in one or more files.

The find command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Findstr

The findstr command is used to find text string patterns in one or more files.

The findstr command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Finger

The finger command is used to return information about one or more users on a remote computer that's running the Finger service.

The finger command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Fltmc

The fltmc command is used to load, unload, list, and otherwise manage Filter drivers.

The fltmc command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Fondue

The fondue command, short for Features on Demand User Experience Tool, is used to install any of the several optional Windows features from the command line.

The fondue command is available in Windows 8.

Optional Windows features can also be installed from the Programs and Features applet in Control Panel.

For

The for command is used to run a specified command for each file in a set of files. The for command is most often used within a batch or script file.

The for command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.

Forcedos

The forcedos command is used to start the specified program in the MS-DOS subsystem.

The forcedos command is only available in 32-bit versions of Windows XP.

The forcedos command is only used for MS-DOS programs that are not recognized as such by Windows XP.

Forfiles

The forfiles command selects one or more files to execute a specified command on. The forfiles command is most often used within a batch or script file.

Fsutil

The fsutil command is used to perform various FAT and NTFS file system tasks like managing reparse points and sparse files, dismounting a volume, and extending a volume.

The fsutil command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Ftp

The ftp command can used to transfer files to and from another computer. The remote computer must be operating as an FTP server.

The ftp command is available in all versions of Windows.

Ftype

The ftype command is used to define a default program to open a specified file type.

The ftype command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

Getmac

The getmac command is used to display the media access control (MAC) address of all the network controllers on a system.

The getmac command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.

10 Important command prompt's commands

1.   ipconfig :

                  This is the top most command for seeing the ip address,subnet mask and default gateway also includes display and flush DNS cache, re-register the system name in DNS..  This will most useful tool for viewing and troubleshooting TCP/IP problem.

• To view ip ,subnet mask address : ipconfig
• To view all TCP/IP information, use: ipconfig /all
• To view the local DNS cache, use: ipconfig /displaydns
• To delete the contents in the local DNS cache, use: ipconfig /flushdns 

2.systeminfo

Have a need to display operating system configuration information for a local or remote machine, including service pack levels? Then systeminfo is the tool to use. When I need to connect to a system that I am not familiar with, this is the first tool I run. The output of this command gives me all the info I need including: host name, OS type, version, product ID, install date, boot time and hardware info (processor and memory). Also knowing what hot fixes are installed can be a big help when troubleshooting problems. This tool can be used to connect to a machine remotely using the following syntax: SYSTEMINFO /S system /U user

3. tasklist and taskkill 

If you work with Task Manager (ctrl+alt+del) ,you can easily understand this.  Task list is list of task which are running on windows currently.  If you open any application,it will be added to task.

To List the Tasks type in cmd as :

          tasklist

 This will show the list of task which are running as shown in the picture.

To stop the Process or task ,there is two methods :
Using Image Name:
   We can kill the task using its Image Name as follows:

                       tasklist /im notepad.exe

Using Process Id:

  we can stop the process using its process id as follows :

                tasklist /pid 1852

4. Type

 type is used to read the text document in command prompt .  You can read multiple text in continuously 

type filename.txt

5.netstat

Need to know who (or what) is making a connection to your computer? Then netstat is the tool you want to run. The output provides valuable information of all connections and listening ports, including the executable used in the connections. In additon to the above info, you can view Ethernet statistics, and resolve connecting host IP Addresses to a fully qualified domain name. I usually run the netstat command using the -a (displays all connection info), -n (sorts in numerical form) and -b (displays executable name) switches.

6.net command

Although this tool is more known as a command, the net command is really like a power drill with different bits and is used to update, fix, or view the network or network settings. 
It is mostly used for viewing (only services that are started), stopping and starting services:

• net stop server
• net start server
• net start (display running services)

and for connecting (mapping) and disconnecting with shared network drives:

• net use m: \\myserver\sharename
• net use m: \\myserver\sharename /delete

Other commands used with net command are, accounts (manage user accounts), net print (manage print jobs), and net share (manage shares).
Below are all the options that can be used with the net command.

[ ACCOUNTS | COMPUTER | CONFIG | CONTINUE | FILE | GROUP | HELP |HELPMSG | LOCALGROUP | PAUSE | PRINT | SESSION | SHARE | START |STATISTICS | STOP | TIME | USE | USER | VIEW ]

7.nslookup 

With the Internet, DNS (Domain Name Service) is the key for allowing us to use friendly names when surfing the web instead of needing to remember IP Addresses. But when there are problems, nslookup can be a valuable tool for testing and troubleshooting DNS servers.
Nslookup can be run in two modes: interactive and noninteractive. Noninteractive mode is useful when only a single piece of data needs to be returned. For example, to resolve google.com/

To use the interactive mode, just type nslookup at the prompt. To see all available options, type help while in interactive mode.

Don't let the help results intimidate you. Nslookup is easy to use. Some of the options I use when troubleshooting are:
set ds (displays detailed debugging information of behind the scenes communication when resolving an host or IP Address).
set domain (sets the default domain to use when resolving, so you don't need to type the fully qualified name each time).
set type (sets the query record type that will be returned, such as A, MX, NS)
server NAME (allows you to point nslookup to use other DNS servers than what is configured on your computer)
To exit out of interactive mode, type exit .

8 .ping and tracert 

These tools can be helpful with connectivity to other systems. Ping will test whether a particular host is reachable across an IP network, while tracert (traceroute) is used to determine the route taken by packets across an IP network.
To ping a system just type at the prompt: ping www.google.com. By default, ping will send three ICMP request to the host and listen for ICMP “echo response” replies. Ping also includes switches to control the number of echo requests to send (-n ), and to resolve IP addresses to hostname (-a ).
To use tracert, type at the prompt: tracert www.google.com. You can force tracert to not resolve address to hostnames by using the -d switch, or set the desired timeout (milliseconds) for each reply using -w switch.

9 . gpresult

 Used mostly in environments that implement group poicies, gpresults (Group Policy Results) verifies all policy settings in effect for a specific user or computer. The command is simple to use, just enter gpresults at the prompt. It can also be used to connect to computers remotely using the /S and /U switches.

10 . netsh 

Without a doubt the most powerful command line tool available in Windows. Netsh is like the swiss army knife for configuring and monitoring Windows computers from the the command promt.

• Configure interfaces
• Configure routing protocols
• Configure filters
• Configure routes
• Configure remote access behavior for Windows-based remote access routers that are running the Routing and Remote Access Server (RRAS) Service
• Display the configuration of a currently running router on any computer

Some examples of what you can do with netsh:

• Enable or disable Windows firewall:

netsh firewall set opmode disable
netsh firewall set opmode disable

• Enable or disable ICMP Echo Request (for pinging) in Windows firewall:

netsh firewall set icmpsetting 8 enable
netsh firewall set icmpsetting 8 disable

• Configure your NIC to automatically obtain an IP address from a DHCP server:

netsh interface ip set address "Local Area Connection" dhcp

(For the above command, if your NIC is named something else, use netsh interface ip show config and replace the name at Local Area Connection).
As you can see netsh can do alot. Instead of re-inventing the wheel, check out the following Microsoftarticle for more info on netsh.

HIDE FOLDERS

Hide folder in pc using command prompt trick.

Hiding your files and folders are very important.because it is used to protect your personal information to others.some software's are available in online for hide your files and folders.but without using software to hide your files and folders are possible by using command prompt.

using command prompt are very simple method and very easy to hide any files and folders.it is very strong to protect your files and folders.

follow the steps to hide your files and folders by using command prompt.

1.open your command prompt(press window key + r or Start=>All programs=> Accessories => Command prompt)

2. Type this command:
attrib +s +h D:\folder or file name

for example your folder name is bank secret and it is available in D drive.then you can type this
attrib +s +h D:\bank secret .thats all now your folder was hidden.and any one cant view this file.

if you want to visible or reappear this folder then type 
attrib -s -h D:\folder or file name

example:

attrib -s -h D:\bank secret(only changing symbol + to -)

thats all now your folder is visible.

More than 100 Keyboard Shortcuts in windows was found

Keyboard Shorcuts (Microsoft Windows)

1. CTRL+C (Copy)
2. CTRL+X (Cut)
… 3. CTRL+V (Paste)
4. CTRL+Z (Undo)
5. DELETE (Delete)
6. SHIFT+DELETE (Delete the selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin)
7. CTRL while dragging an item (Copy the selected item)

8. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item (Create a shortcut to the selected item)
9. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
10. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word)
11. CTRL+LEFT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word)
12. CTRL+DOWN ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph)
13. CTRL+UP ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph)
14. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Highlight a block of text)
SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a document)
15. CTRL+A (Select all)
16. F3 key (Search for a file or a folder)
17. ALT+ENTER (View the properties for the selected item)
18. ALT+F4 (Close the active item, or quit the active program)
19. ALT+ENTER (Display the properties of the selected object)
20. ALT+SPACEBAR (Open the shortcut menu for the active window)
21. CTRL+F4 (Close the active document in programs that enable you to have multiple documents opensimultaneously)
22. ALT+TAB (Switch between the open items)
23. ALT+ESC (Cycle through items in the order that they had been opened)
24. F6 key (Cycle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop)
25. F4 key (Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer)
26. SHIFT+F10 (Display the shortcut menu for the selected item)
27. ALT+SPACEBAR (Display the System menu for the active window)
28. CTRL+ESC (Display the Start menu)
29. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name (Display the corresponding menu) Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu (Perform the corresponding command)
30. F10 key (Activate the menu bar in the active program)
31. RIGHT ARROW (Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu)
32. LEFT ARROW (Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu)
33. F5 key (Update the active window)
34. BACKSPACE (View the folder onelevel up in My Computer or Windows Explorer)
35. ESC (Cancel the current task)
36. SHIFT when you insert a CD-ROMinto the CD-ROM drive (Prevent the CD-ROM from automatically playing)
Dialog Box – Keyboard Shortcuts
1. CTRL+TAB (Move forward through the tabs)
2. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the tabs)
3. TAB (Move forward through the options)
4. SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the options)
5. ALT+Underlined letter (Perform the corresponding command or select the corresponding option)
6. ENTER (Perform the command for the active option or button)
7. SPACEBAR (Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box)
8. Arrow keys (Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons)
9. F1 key (Display Help)
10. F4 key (Display the items in the active list)
11. BACKSPACE (Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box)

Microsoft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts

1. Windows Logo (Display or hide the Start menu)
2. Windows Logo+BREAK (Display the System Properties dialog box)
3. Windows Logo+D (Display the desktop)
4. Windows Logo+M (Minimize all of the windows)
5. Windows Logo+SHIFT+M (Restorethe minimized windows)
6. Windows Logo+E (Open My Computer)
7. Windows Logo+F (Search for a file or a folder)
8. CTRL+Windows Logo+F (Search for computers)
9. Windows Logo+F1 (Display Windows Help)
10. Windows Logo+ L (Lock the keyboard)
11. Windows Logo+R (Open the Run dialog box)
12. Windows Logo+U (Open Utility Manager)
13. Accessibility Keyboard Shortcuts
14. Right SHIFT for eight seconds (Switch FilterKeys either on or off)
15. Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN (Switch High Contrast either on or off)
16. Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK (Switch the MouseKeys either on or off)
17. SHIFT five times (Switch the StickyKeys either on or off)
18. NUM LOCK for five seconds (Switch the ToggleKeys either on or off)
19. Windows Logo +U (Open Utility Manager)
20. Windows Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts
21. END (Display the bottom of the active window)
22. HOME (Display the top of the active window)
23. NUM LOCK+Asterisk sign (*) (Display all of the subfolders that are under the selected folder)
24. NUM LOCK+Plus sign (+) (Display the contents of the selected folder)
25. NUM LOCK+Minus sign (-) (Collapse the selected folder)
26. LEFT ARROW (Collapse the current selection if it is expanded, or select the parent folder)
27. RIGHT ARROW (Display the current selection if it is collapsed, or select the first subfolder)
Shortcut Keys for Character Map
After you double-click a character on the grid of characters, you can move through the grid by using the keyboard shortcuts:
1. RIGHT ARROW (Move to the rightor to the beginning of the next line)
2. LEFT ARROW (Move to the left orto the end of the previous line)
3. UP ARROW (Move up one row)
4. DOWN ARROW (Move down one row)
5. PAGE UP (Move up one screen at a time)
6. PAGE DOWN (Move down one screen at a time)
7. HOME (Move to the beginning of the line)
8. END (Move to the end of the line)
9. CTRL+HOME (Move to the first character)
10. CTRL+END (Move to the last character)
11. SPACEBAR (Switch between Enlarged and Normal mode when a character is selected)
Microsoft Management Console (MMC)

Main Window Keyboard Shortcuts

1. CTRL+O (Open a saved console)
2. CTRL+N (Open a new console)
3. CTRL+S (Save the open console)
4. CTRL+M (Add or remove a console item)
5. CTRL+W (Open a new window)
6. F5 key (Update the content of all console windows)
7. ALT+SPACEBAR (Display the MMC window menu)
8. ALT+F4 (Close the console)
9. ALT+A (Display the Action menu)
10. ALT+V (Display the View menu)
11. ALT+F (Display the File menu)
12. ALT+O (Display the Favorites menu)

MMC Console Window Keyboard Shortcuts

1. CTRL+P (Print the current page or active pane)
2. ALT+Minus sign (-) (Display the window menu for the active console window)
3. SHIFT+F10 (Display the Action shortcut menu for the selected item)
4. F1 key (Open the Help topic, if any, for the selected item)
5. F5 key (Update the content of all console windows)
6. CTRL+F10 (Maximize the active console window)
7. CTRL+F5 (Restore the active console window)
8. ALT+ENTER (Display the Properties dialog box, if any, for theselected item)
9. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
10. CTRL+F4 (Close the active console window. When a console has only one console window, this shortcut closes the console)
Remote Desktop Connection Navigation
1. CTRL+ALT+END (Open the Microsoft Windows NT Security dialog box)
2. ALT+PAGE UP (Switch between programs from left to right)
3. ALT+PAGE DOWN (Switch between programs from right to left)
4. ALT+INSERT (Cycle through the programs in most recently used order)
5. ALT+HOME (Display the Start menu)
6. CTRL+ALT+BREAK (Switch the client computer between a window and a full screen)
7. ALT+DELETE (Display the Windows menu)
8. CTRL+ALT+Minus sign (-) (Place a snapshot of the active window in the client on the Terminal server clipboard and provide the same functionality as pressing PRINT SCREEN on a local computer.)
9. CTRL+ALT+Plus sign (+) (Place asnapshot of the entire client window area on the Terminal server clipboardand provide the same functionality aspressing ALT+PRINT SCREEN on a local computer.)

Microsoft Internet Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts

1. CTRL+B (Open the Organize Favorites dialog box)
2. CTRL+E (Open the Search bar)
3. CTRL+F (Start the Find utility)
4. CTRL+H (Open the History bar)
5. CTRL+I (Open the Favorites bar)
6. CTRL+L (Open the Open dialog box)
7. CTRL+N (Start another instance of the browser with the same Web address)
8. CTRL+O (Open the Open dialog box,the same as CTRL+L)
9. CTRL+P (Open the Print dialog box)
10. CTRL+R (Update the current Web page)
11. CTRL+W (Close the current window)

Please share if you feel it's useful ! :)

WEBSITE DESIGN FORMAT

INDEX PAGE FORMAT

IN HTML

<html >
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>Untitled Document</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style2 {color: #000000}
-->
</style>
</head>

<body>
<table width="1200" height="103" border="0" align="center">
  <tr>
    <th width="1200" height="50" scope="row" align="center">   <a href="index.html"><img src="aaa9.png" width="123" height="100" border="0" /></a>  <a href="bio.html"><img src="aaa10.png" width="123" height="100" border="0"/></a>      <a href="blog.html"><img src="aaa11.png" width="123" height="100" border="0"/></a>    <a href="arts.html"><img src="aaa12.png" width="123" height="100" border="0"/></a>      <a href="vid.html"></a>     <a href="soc.html"><img src="aaa14.png" width="123" height="100" border="0"/></a>     <a href="sci.html"><img src="aaa15.png" width="123" height="100" border="0"/></a>        <a href="download.html"><img src="aaa22.png" width="123" height="100" border="0"/></a> </th>
  </tr>
</table>
<p align="center" class="style4 style2"><font size="8" face="Freestyle script, Arial, bold"> ~ My Smalls World ~ </font></p>

    <table width="1200" height="500" border="0" align="center">
  <tr>
    <th width="1203" height="500" background="a2.png" scope="row"><p><img src="a7.jpg" width="300" height="400" align="left" /></p>
    <p class="style3"><font size="3" face="Script MT Bold, Arial">Hi my frinds ,</font></p>
      <p class="style3"><font size="3" face="Script MT Bold, Arial">This is my personal website .This is for my writing &amp; own research work. If anyone intrested then can join with me in my research work. It's true that i am an engineering student, still i am doing research on which papers which i like most. I love this quote &quot;DO TOMORROW'S WORK TODAY &amp; TODAY'S WORK NOW&quot; . </font></p>
      <p class="style3"><font size="3" face="Script MT Bold, Arial">please go through my website you can know about my all activatits.  </font></p>
    <p class="style3"><font size="6" face="Script MT Bold, Arial">My personal quote about life :- </font></p>      
    <p class="style3"><font size="4" face="Script MT Bold, Arial">&quot;Life is a great teaching point . your problems &amp; your enemies are your BEST TEACHER. so never be worry if you have lots of problems or many enemies.Be happy &amp; thanks God as he wanna make you more stronger, wiser &amp; knowledgeable person.As PROBLEM FREE LIFE CAN'T TEACH YOU ANYTHING&quot; </font></p>
    </th>
  </tr>
</table>

    <p>&nbsp;</p>
    <table width="1200" align="center" >
      <tr>
        <td width="1200" height="300"><img src="aaa3.png" width="1200" height="300" /></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<table width="1200" height="351" heiborder="0" align="center">
  <tr>
    <th width="300S" height="351" align="center" background="aaa4.png" scope="row"><p>Follow me on -<a href="http://www.facebook.com/"></a> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/"><img src="aaa7.png" width="62" height="59" border="0" align="center" /></a><a href="https://www.twitter.com/"><img src="aaa8.png" width="62" height="59" border="0" align="center" /></a></p>
        <p>&nbsp; </p></th>
    <td width="900" height="351"  background="aaa5.png"><h1 class="style8" >New user </h1>
        <a href="signin.html" >Sign In</a>
        <h2 class="style8"> Log in </h2>
      <form action="" method="post" class="style8">
          <p>User Name
            <input type="text" size="20" name="username" maxlength="15" />
          </p>
        <p> Password
          <input type="password" size="20" name="password" value="" maxlength="15" />
        </p>
        <p>
            <input type="Submit" name="submit" value="Submit" align="center" />
        </p>
      </form></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</body>
</html>

IN PHP 

<?php

session_unset();

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body  align=center >

<body background="l9.jpg">

<table width="1320" height="100"  align=center >

<tr>

<td style="background-color="#000000" width=1000px height=70px border="10"style="border-color="#000000  >

<p><font size="7" face="Script MT Bold, Arial" color="WHITE">SWETA LEENA PANDA</font></P>

<p><font size="5" face="Script MT Bold, Arial" color="RED">My personal website</font>

</p>

<td>

  <script language="JavaScript1.1">

<!--

var a1=new Image()

a1.src="a1.jpg"

var a2=new Image()

a2.src="a2.jpg"

var a3=new Image()

a3.src="a3.jpg"

var a4=new Image()

a4.src="a4.jpg"

var a5=new Image()

a5.src="a5.jpg"

var a6=new Image()

a6.src="a6.jpg"

var a7=new Image()

a7.src="a7.jpg"

var a8=new Image()

a8.src="a8.jpg"

var a9=new Image()

a9.src="a9.jpg"

var a10=new Image()

a10.src="a10.jpg"

var a11=new Image()

a11.src="a11.jpg"

var a12=new Image()

a12.src="a12.jpg"

//-->

</script>

</head>

<body>

<img src="a1.jpg" name="slide" width=300 height=200 border=5>

<script>

<!--

//variable that will increment through the images

var step=1

function slideit(){

//if browser does not support the image object, exit.

if (!document.images)

return

document.images.slide.src=eval("a"+step+".src")

if (step<10)

step++

else

step=1

//call function "slideit()" every 2.5 seconds

setTimeout("slideit()",2500)

}

slideit()

//-->

</script>

</tr>

</td>.

<table width="1300"  height="40" align=center ">

<style>

table, td, th

{

border:1px solid 

}

th

{

background-color:#FF0000;

border:1px solid #FFFFFF;

color:white;

}

</style>

<tr>

<th><p><font size="3" face="Georgia, italic" color="Black">HOME</font>

</p></th> 

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='bio.php?'>";

echo "BIOGRAPHY";

echo "</a>";

?> <br/>

</th> 

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='writings.php?'>";

echo "BLOG";

echo "</a>";

?> <br/>

</th> 

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='arts.php?'>";

echo "ARTS";

echo "</a>";

?> <br/>

</th>

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='videos.php?'>";

echo "VIDEOS";

echo "</a>";

?><br/>

</th>

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='myworks.php?'>";

echo "SOCIAL ACTIVITY";

echo "</a>";

?><br/>

</th>  

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='science.php?'>";

echo "SCIENCE & TECHONOLOGY";

echo "</a>";

?><br/> 

</th>

<th>

<?php

echo "<a href='download.php?'>";

echo "DOWNLOAD";

echo "</a>";

?> <br/>

</Th>

</tr>

<table width="1300"  height="200"  align=center ">

    <td   width="1200" height="500"  

                  align=center >

<p><font size="5" face="Script MT Bold, italic" color="Black">TODAY'S JOURNAL</font>

</p>

<?php

 print date('D d M Y'); 

?>

 <br>

 

<p><font size="5" face="Script MT Bold, Arial" color="WHITE">Hi my friends</font></P>

<p><font size="3" face="Script MT Bold, Arial" color="WHITE">I am sweta leena panda.i love to write poem , stories & lyrics.this website is specially for my writing purpose, 

here every thing is my own part.please have a look. hope you all like my poems & stories. i wanna be a good writer.i need your 

support only. 

Thanks you !</font></P>

 

<video width="700" height="500" controls autoplay>

  <source src="mp4" type="video/mp4">

  <object data="mp4" width="500" height="500">

    <embed width="500" height="500" src="movie.swf">

  </object>

</video>

</td>

    <td width="300"  height="30" align="centre"> <br>

<h1> <font color="FFFFFF">New user</font></h1>

<?php

echo "<a href='signin.php?'>";

echo "Sign in";

echo "</a>";

?>

<br/>

<br/>

<br/>

<h3> <font color="FFFFFF">Log in</font></h3>

<form method="post" action="home.php">

           <h4> <font color="FF0000">User Name</font></h4>

            <input type="text" size="20" name="username" maxlength="15" >

             <h5> <font color="FF0000">Password</font></h5>

            <input type="password" size="20" name="password" value=""

maxlength="15" >

         <br>

<input type="Submit" name="submit" value="Submit">

</br>

      

        </form>

</td>

</tr>

<table width="1300" height="50" border="3" align=center  style="background-color:#990000" >

<tr>

<td>

@Copyrighted to SWETA LEENA PANDA

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</body>

</html>

MY OWN WORKS

THIS IS THE ACTUAL WORK OF MY OWN WEBSITE 

SORRY ,TILL NOW I HAVE NOT PUBLISH MY WEBSITE IN INTERNET 

C PROGRAMMS

Variables and Arithmetic Expressions
The next program uses the formula oC=(5/9)(oF-32) to print the following table of Fahrenheit temperatures and
their centigrade or Celsius equivalents:
1 -17
20 -6
40 4
60 15
80 26
100 37
120 48
140 60
160 71
180 82
200 93
220 104
240 115
260 126
280 137
300 148
#include <stdio.h>
/* print Fahrenheit-Celsius table
for fahr = 0, 20, ..., 300 */
main()
{
int fahr, celsius;
int lower, upper, step;
lower = 0; /* lower limit of temperature scale */
upper = 300; /* upper limit */
step = 20; /* step size */
fahr = lower;
Chapter 1 - A Tutorial Introduction
while (fahr <= upper) {
celsius = 5 * (fahr-32) / 9;
printf("%d\t%d\n", fahr, celsius);
fahr = fahr + step;
}
}
The two lines
/* print Fahrenheit-Celsius table
for fahr = 0, 20, ..., 300 */